A black box is a flight data recorder that collects ... It transmits an acoustical signal on 37.5 KHz that can be detected with a special receiver," the sheet reads. "The beacon can transmit ...

In the case of closed-source software, the white hats arguably have the offsetting advantage that they at least can see the source code, and peek inside the black box, while the attackers cannot.

Investigators say the pilot received a warning from air traffic controllers of possible bird strikes and the plane issued a distress signal before ... one of the two black boxes recovered from ...