The five stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) indicate how well the kidneys are working, ranging from stage 1 (mild kidney damage) to stage 5 (kidney failure). The staging of CKD is based on a ...

The adjusted HR of death for patients with CKD was 1.29 (95% CI 0.81–2.05), P = 0.27. When each stage of CKD was evaluated individually in the multivariate model, we found a graded increase in ...

“These results suggest that proteinuria is an important marker that should be considered in future revisions of the CKD staging system”. Current methods for staging CKD are primarily based on ...

Aims The epidemiology of the five stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in systolic heart failure (HF) patients has predominantly been described in hospitalized White patients, with little known ...