Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) (1), first identified in the blood of Antarctic fishes, have repeating structures that bind to the surface of ice crystals ... inside cells to help equalize the imbalance of ...

Cells have mechanisms built in to heal some degree of membrane damage to deal with such damage. It was often thought that ...

"Slow freezing creates large, disruptive ice crystals. During thawing, they damage the cells and dissolve emulsions." Rapid freezing works best when food is frozen quickly and as low a temperature ...