Indian Railways is expanding Kavach 4.0, its advanced Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system, for safer train operations.

The Kavach system’s deployment involves three ... the driver’s cabin (locomotive) is equipped with RFID readers, a computer, and brake interface equipment Finally, radio infrastructure ...

If you’ve worked with passive RFID before, you know that most readers only work within inches of the card. In [Fran’s] DEFCON talk this summer he calls it the “ass-grabbing method” of ...

How does Kavach work? Kavach broadly comprises ‘stationary control unit’ (SCU) and ‘on-board equipment’. On-board RFID reader is mounted beneath the locomotive and it can read the RFID ...

Kavach conforms to Safety Integrity Level-4 (SIL-4) standards and uses Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags installed along tracks and station yards to monitor train movement and direction.