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  1. What causes Down syndrome? | NICHD - NICHD - Eunice Kennedy …

    Jun 11, 2012 · The complete extra copy of chromosome 21 is in all of the person’s cells—or a complete trisomy. Almost all Down syndrome cases result from complete trisomy 21. 1,2,3

  2. Down Syndrome - NICHD - Eunice Kennedy Shriver National …

    Nov 22, 2023 · Down syndrome is a set of cognitive and physical symptoms that result from having an extra chromosome 21 or an extra piece of that chromosome. It is the most common …

  3. How do health care providers diagnose Down syndrome?

    Jun 11, 2012 · A diagnosis of Down syndrome after birth is often based initially on physical signs of the syndrome. But because individuals with Down syndrome may not have these …

  4. What are common treatments for Down syndrome? - NICHD

    Jun 14, 2012 · People with Down syndrome are at a greater risk for a number of health problems and conditions than are people who do not have Down syndrome. Many of these associated …

  5. Jun 9, 2025 · Down syndrome (i.e., trisomy 21) has been known since the late 1950’s. Chromosome 21 was sequenced back in 2000, leading to the identification of ~225 genes. No …

  6. What conditions or disorders are commonly associated with Down …

    Jun 22, 2012 · Children with Down syndrome are at an increased risk for some health problems, but not all will have serious health problems.

  7. March Is Trisomy Awareness Month | NICHD - NICHD - Eunice …

    Mar 15, 2013 · During Trisomy Awareness Month in March, the NICHD joins other agencies and organizations in raising awareness about trisomy conditions and the challenges they may pose …

  8. What are the symptoms of Down syndrome? - NICHD

    The symptoms of Down syndrome vary from person to person, and people with Down syndrome may have different problems at different times of their lives.

  9. What causes Turner syndrome? | NICHD - NICHD - Eunice …

    Jun 14, 2012 · Turner syndrome occurs when part or all of an X chromosome is missing from most or all of the cells in a girl’s body.

  10. Who is at risk for Down syndrome? | NICHD - NICHD - Eunice …

    Nov 22, 2023 · Down syndrome is the most frequent chromosomal cause of mild to moderate intellectual disability, and it occurs in all ethnic and economic groups. 2 Researchers know …