Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the CNS in which activated immune cells invade the central nervous system and cause inflammation, neurodegeneration, and …

In the present review, we evaluate the current state of knowledge on MS with emphasis on the pathology itself, the diagnosis and common therapeutical approaches accurately used. …

Once the inflammatory complement cascade is activated, it causes additional release of cytokines and chemokines, recruitment of inflammatory cells including T cells, monocytes, and B cells. …

Aug 22, 2024 · Multiple Sclerosis (MS) - Etiology, pathophysiology, symptoms, signs, diagnosis & prognosis from the MSD Manuals - Medical Professional Version.

Nov 8, 2025 · We detail the dysregulation of both T-cells (Th1 and Th17 subsets) and B-cells in the autoimmune attack on myelin, as well as the intricate mechanisms of neurodegeneration, …

Oct 16, 2025 · The pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) is believed to be immune-mediated, with the adaptive immune system (both T and B cells) responsible for the formation of lesions …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease that attacks myelinated axons in the central nervous system, destroying the myelin and the axon in variable degrees …

Feb 16, 2025 · Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) targeting myelinated axons. Pathogenesis of MS entails an …

Jan 21, 2025 · Through the years, new insights in pathophysiology, improvements in diagnostic tools, and new therapies have changed the understanding of MS and the clinical management …

Pathophysiology Multiple sclerosis Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease, primarily mediated by T-cells. [9] The three main characteristics of MS are the formation of lesions in …